![]() Immune signatures also discriminated patients with preferential skin versus gastrointestinal symptoms, whereby skin signs correlated with increased expression of CCR4, a molecule enabling skin trafficking, on various immune cell types. ![]() Low threshold was associated with increased CD8 + T cells and reduced memory cells (central memory CD4 + T cells, CM CD8 + T cells, Treg). ![]() Low versus high threshold reactivity-groups had differential frequencies of intermediate monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells at baseline. OFC −-profiles had also signs of ongoing inflammation, but with a signature of a controlled response, lacking homing marker expression and featuring a concomitant increase of Th2-shifted CD4 + T cells and Treg cells. OFC +-profiles revealed mainly decreased Th2 cells, memory Treg and activated NK cells, which had an increased homing marker expression signifying immune cell migration into effector tissues along with symptom onset. ![]() Peripheral immune profiles correlated with OFC outcome. Single-cell mass cytometry/unsupervised analysis allowed unbiased immunophenotyping during OFC. MethodsĬhildren with a positive (OFC +, n = 16) or a negative (OFC −, n = 10) OFC-outcome were included (controls, n = 7). To identify changes of peripheral immune signatures during oral food challenges (OFC) that correlate with the clinical outcome in patients with peanut allergy (PA). Clinical reactivity and presentation, such as thresholds and symptoms, are considered challenging to predict ex vivo. ![]() Food challenges carry a burden of safety, effort and resources. ![]()
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